Biochemical Oxygen Demand - BOD
Biochemical oxygen demand, or BOD, measures the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms in decomposing organic matter. BOD also measures the chemical oxidation of inorganic matter (i.e., the extraction of oxygen from water via chemical reaction). A test is used to measure the amount of oxygen consumed by these organisms during a specified period of time (usually 5 days at 20 C). The rate of oxygen consumption is affected by a number of variables: temperature, pH, the presence of certain kinds of microorganisms, and the type of organic and inorganic material in the water.
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BOD directly affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in rivers and streams.
The greater the BOD, the more rapidly oxygen is depleted in the stream. This means less oxygen is available to higher forms of aquatic life. The consequences of high BOD are the same as those for low dissolved oxygen: aquatic organisms become stressed, suffocate, and die.
Sources of BOD include topsoil, leaves and woody debris; animal manure; effluents from pulp and paper mills, wastewater treatment plants, feedlots, and food-processing plants; failing septic systems; and urban stormwater runoff.
BOD is affected by the same factors that affect dissolved oxygen. BOD measurement requires taking two measurements. One is measured immediately for dissolved oxygen (initial), and the second is incubated in the lab for 5 days and then tested for the amount of dissolved oxygen remaining (final). This represents the amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms to break down the organic matter present in the sample during the incubation period.
View the new optical ProOBOD probe and learn more about this technology.
DO% to mg/L Calculator [Excel Spreadsheet]
Diagram of Clark Electrode Operation
Guides
YSI Dissolved Oxygen Membrane Selection Guide
FAQs - Frequently Asked Questions
YSI 5000 / 5100 DO Instrument FAQs
Specification Sheets
YSI ProODO Optical Dissolved Oxygen Meter Specification Sheet
YSI Pro20 Dissolved Oxygen Meter Specification Sheet
Technical Notes
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Handheld Multiparameter Instrument
The YSI Professional Plus handheld multiparameter meter provides extreme flexibility for the measurement of a variety of combinations for dissolved oxygen, conductivity, specific conductance, salinity, resistivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, ORP, pH/ORP combination, ammonium (ammonia), nitrate, chloride and temperature. Also a very powerful lab instrument for BODs, pH and ORP. |
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Handheld Optical Dissolved Oxygen Instrument
The YSI ProODOTM handheld DO meter provides extreme durability for measuring dissolved oxygen with optical, luminescent based technology for any field application or lab BODs. |
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Lab / Field Dissolved Oxygen
The Pro20 provides everything you need in a handheld dissolved oxygen meter. Ruggedness, simplicity and reliability are the cornerstones of the instrument's design. |
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Laboratory Instruments for BOD Tests
Both instruments feature: auto-calibration, large, graphic displays and low keypad profiles for maximum efficiency. |
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YSI OBOD replacement optical dissolved oxygen screw-on sensor cap for the BOD probe. |
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ProOBOD Self-Stirring Optical BOD Probe The ProOBOD® self-stirring optical BOD probes are designed to fit into standard 300 mL BOD bottles with an international version also available for use with other tapers. |
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